Do you know about electronic components Basic currently on the market? What characteristics do they have? Application like? Let Ocean explore the wonderful things about these special electronic devices.
Summary of electronic components
Electronic components are ordinary individual elements, they are used to re-assemble for the purpose of forming electrical circuits or electronic equipment.
Electronic components groups
- Active components: The type is capable of acting on the AC / DC power supply to create a new signal source. In this group include: semiconductor components (Diode, Transistor, Integrated Circuits), Optoelectronics, Vacuum Temple, Power source.
- Passive components: Inability to supply power to the circuit, having a linear relationship with current, voltage, frequency … Including main types such as: Resistors, capacitors, electromagnetic induction, Memristor, Networks, Transducer, Antenna.
- Electromechanical components: Able to act electrically associated with the mechanical part. Devices such as: piezoelectric ceramic elements, connectors, switches (switches), fuses.
Various types of components used in auto electricity
Here are 7 basic types of components most commonly encountered in devices, see what kind it will be.
1. Diodes
Diode (Diode) is a kind of semiconductor condition, it only allows current to pass through a certain direction, not allowed to go in the opposite direction. It is mainly used in alternating current, converting alternating current to 1-way.
Popular types of diodes
- Rectifier diodes
- Schottky Diode
- Zener diodes (voltage stabilizer)
- Varicap: also known as variable diodes
- Light-emitting diodes (laser)
- Photodiode
- Line diodes
2. Resistor
According to the definition of physics we learned in middle school, resistance is understood to be the obstruction of the current of a device that conducts electricity.
Based on the formula R = U / I, the resistance will be inversely proportional to the current, so we can understand which materials have good electrical conductivity, the resistance is small, whereas the poor conductivity types are Its resistance will be large. There is another type of insulation, the resistance here will be infinity.
Guide to read the value of the resistor
Usually when you see a resistive device there will be 4 colored bars (which may be the same or different), it represents the values of the resistor.
In which:
- The first 2 colors: The value of the resistor
- Third color: Number of digits “3”
- 4th color: The permissible tolerance of the resistance
Example: Resistor has 4 colors as follows: Orange – Yellow – Red – Gray
Your resistors have the following corresponding values:
- Orange: Number 3
- Gold: Number 4
- Red: There are 2 zeros
- Gray: The allowable tolerance is ± 0,05%
Put together we get: 3400 (Ohm – Ω) ± 0,05% = 3,4 KΩ ± 0,05%
In addition, nowadays there are also quite a few resistors with 5 colored bars. For these forms, you still get the last 2 bars of the number of digits “0” and tolerance. The third line you enter the value of the resistor.
>> See more in the illustrations below to understand more details about the resistive color coding.
3. Capacitor (C)
As in the first part I have divided into 3 groups of electronic components, the capacitor is in the second type (passive), is a common device in the electrical circuits, is composed of 2 parallel plates, has 2-way insulation but can allow alternating current to pass thanks to the principle of discharge and charging.
Capacitor (C) has a unit of F (Fara), normally the value of the capacitor is very small, so it will be calculated in units such as: MicroFara, NanoFara or PicoFara.
The biggest feature of capacitors is to compensate for voltage drop sources or as graph portion of unbalanced voltage.
There are 2 main types of capacitors:
- Polarized capacitors: Negative and positive values can be seen in their legs or length (long legs are positive, short legs are negative).
- Non-polar capacitors: You see the colored lines, then read as the resistors above.
4. Transistors
Transistors, or you can read Tranzito is a type of semiconductor device, used as an amplifier element or as an electronic lock.
Simply put, the transistor works like a switch that we often use, but there are some special features such as:
- It is switched on by current, replacing the micro by hand as the switch.
- Short closing time is very fast
- Extremely compact design.
- The passing currents can be amplified.
Types of Tranzito
- Payroll (BJT)
- Field transistor (FET)
- Unipolar terminations
>> A Transistor usually has 3 pins: B, C, E are linked together when active
5. IC – Microchip
Surely you also have a few times when using electronics such as TV, Radio … you often use short IC, but do you really know what device IC is?
IC or you can call integrated circuit, is a part of the circuit is integrated with transistors and passive resistors, they will be linked together with the size in micrometres. In English, IC is written as: Integrated Circuit – chip.
Some popular ICs such as:
- Amplifier IC: Opam
- Opto-Isolator – IC isolator.
6. Inductor
When it comes to passive electronic components, we cannot help but mention inductors or coils. A type of device made up of wires wound together, generating a magnetic field when an electric current is passed through.
To measure inductance (L) we can use the Henry unit (H).
There are 3 popular types of magnetic coils: Air core series – Dust iron core and foil iron core.
The inductor has excellent noise filtering capabilities for the DC power circuit when it is impurities in many different tons. Depending on the capacity of each type, they can stabilize the current, applied to frequency filter circuits.
7. The antenna transmits the signal
The antenna is also one of the components, capable of radiating or receiving electromagnetic waves.
There are different types of antennas: Bipolar, array, isotropic, oriented….
The main function of the Antenna is to radiate all kinds of RF signals from the transmitter to convert into the RF signal processed in the receiver. In addition, the antenna can also be used to direct the radiated energy in one or more desired directions.
Summary about electronic components
With the basic knowledge shared by the Ocean above, now you can definitely name it electronic components then right?
Hopefully, by sharing the above, you can find out how to recognize, measure and distinguish the symbols of some electronic components.
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